[目的]研究近58年沈阳东陵区最高、最低气温的气候变化规律.[方法]利用1951～2008年沈阳东陵区气象监测站日最高、最低气温资料,应用气候倾向率和序列相关等统计方法,分析了年、季平均最高、最低气温的年代际趋势变化特征.[结果]近58年来,沈阳东陵区年、季平均最高、最低气温均呈上升趋势,且平均最低气温变化速率(0.262℃/10a)大于平均最高气温变化速率(0.187℃/10a),跃变期也比平均最高气温早出现一个年代.在年代际上,年平均最高气温变暖是从20世纪80年代开始,90年代后期达到了近58年来的历史新高;而年平均最低气温是从70年代开始,80年代达到历史新高.各季节平均最高和最低气温变化均以冬季的增暖最为明显,春季次之,夏季最弱.年、季平均日较差均呈现下降趋势,但显著水平较低.[结论]该研究为沈阳地区气候资源的开发和利用提供理论依据.%[ Objective ] To study the characteristics of climate changes of highest and lowest temperature in Dongling District in Shenyang Province in recent 58 years. [Method] By dint of the highest temperature and lowest temperature in the meteorological observation station in Dongling District in Shenyang from 1951 to 2008, and through statistical method such as climate tendency rate and sequence relevance, the in-terannual trend changes of annual and seasonal average highest and lowest temperature were expounded. [ Result] In recent 58 years, the annual and seasonal average highest and lowest temperature in Dongling District in Shenyang were increasing and the changes rate of average lowest temperatures (0. 262 ℃/10a) were larger than the rate of average highest temperature (0.187 ℃/10a). The abrupt changes period was one era earlier than average highest temperature. The annual average highest temperature increased from 1980s and it reached historical new record in late 1990s; while annual lowest temperature stared from 1970s and reached historical new high in 1980s. The average highest temperature and lowest temperature increased most distinctly in winter, followed by spring and was weakest in summer. The differences of annual and seasonal average temperatures were declining and the significance level was low. [ Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for the development and utilization of climate resources in Shenyang.
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