建立了基于车辆在线故障诊断(OBD)系统的实时油耗计算方法。对不同型号车辆的OBD实时信息进行了采集分析。针对车辆OBD信息的差异性适配特征，根据汽油发动机空气燃料比(AFR)原理，建立了4种同源的汽油车实时油耗计算方法。针对部分OBD信息适配度不高的车型，对油耗计算中OBD系统缺失的车辆参数，提出了实验参数标定方法。对于此类汽油车油耗监测方法进行了实车实验验证。结果表明：此类油耗监测方法可对绝大多数汽油车进行实时在线油耗监测，瞬时油耗误差在±8%以内，其误差在±3%以内。%A method based on OBD system was established for real-time on-board monitoring of gasoline vehicle fuel consumption. The different types of vehicles for on-board diagnostic (OBD) real-time parameters was analyzed. Based on the adaption analysis results, according to the principle of air/fuel ratio (AFR) of gasoline engine, 4 kinds of calculation methods with the same principle for gasoline vehicle real-time fuel consumption were established. For a smal portion of vehicles with low adaptation, the OBD system can’t obtain the parameters to calculate the gasoline vehicle fuel consumption. For this type of vehicles the method of parameter calibration was proposed. The vehicle experiments were carried out, in order to validate correctness of this kind of methods. The result show that such fuel consumption monitoring method can be used for the vast majority of gasoline vehicles for real-time on-board fuel consumption monitoring, the instantaneous fuel consumption error is within ±8%, the instantaneous fuel consumption per 100 kilometers error within ±3%.
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