舰载机弹射起飞过程复杂,受到甲板运动、舰首气流、地面效应等复杂环境因素的影响.通过构建甲板运动模型、甲板风模型和地面效应模型,描述了弹射起飞过程中复杂的外部环境,并视为附加项加入到常规飞机方程中,建立了舰载机弹射起飞模型.研究表明：地面效应不利于舰载机弹射起飞;甲板风与舰首气流可抑制航迹下沉;舰面运动对舰载机离舰后下沉量影响很大.%The process of carrier-based aircraft catapult launch was complex,disturbed by the motion of aircraft carrier,deck wind,disturbance ahead of the bow and ground effect.The condition of carrier-based aircraft catapult launch was described by the simulation model of motion of aircraft carrier,deck wind,disturbance ahead of the bow and ground effect.The simulation model considering the condition of circumstance was composed of the model of plane and the model of circumstance condition,as the added factor.The results indicate that ground effect increases the flight path sinking,and the deck wind can help to decrease the flight path sinking during the catapult takeoff process.In addition,the motion of aircraft carrier has some important effects on maximum sinking and angle of attack.
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