Objective:To investigate the relationship between social support and depression of only-child-lost (OCL) people,and the mediation role of self-efficacy in this relationship.Methods:By stratified cluster sampling,214 OCL people were enrolled,with 80 males and 134 females,ages from 49 to 83 years old.They were assessed by General Self-Efficacy Scale,Social Support Rating Scale,and Self-rating Depression Scale.Results:Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in age groups (t=2.85,P＜0.05),with or without spouse (t=5.62,P＜0.05),family location (t=3.95,P＜0.05),per capita monthly income (F=3.48,P＜0.05) among the social support scores.There was significant difference between the per capita monthly income and self-efficacy scores in QCL people (F=5.46,P＜0.05).Correlation analysis showed self-efficacy and social support were positively correlated (r=0.26,P＜0.01).Self-efficacy (r=-0.59,P＜0.01) and social support (r=-0.59,P＜0.01) negatively correlated with depression in OCL people.Self-efficacy partially mediated the relationship between social support and depression.Conclusion:The person who is ＜60 years old,with spouse and the high per capita monthly income,and lives the rural area,would have high social support levels among QCL people.The person who has high per capita monthly income would have high self-efficacy.Self-efficacy is one of the direct prediction for depression,and plays an indirect role between social support and depression.Intervention of depression among OCL people could be applied to change their cognition,and to enhance their self-efficacy.%目的:探讨失独者社会支持与抑郁情绪间的关系及自我效能感在社会支持和抑郁情绪之间的中介作用.方法:采用分层整群抽样214名失独者,其中男80人,女134人,年龄49～83岁,用一般自我效能感量表、社会支持评定量表及抑郁自评量表测量失独者自我效能感、社会支持及抑郁水平.结果:单因素分析结果显示不同年龄(t=2.85,P＜0.05)、有无配偶(t=5.62,P＜0.05)、家庭所在地不同(t=3.95,P＜0.05)、人均月收入不同(F=3.48,P＜0.05)的失独者社会支持得分不同;人均月收入不同的失独者,自我效能感得分不同,差异具有统计学意义(F=5.46,P＜0.05).相关分析结果显示失独者自我效能感和社会支持得分呈正相关(r=0.26,P＜0.01),失独者自我效能感(r=-0.59,P＜0.01)和社会支持(r=-0.31,P＜0.01)与抑郁得分均呈负相关.中介效应检验结果显示失独者自我效能感在社会支持和抑郁情绪之间起部分中介作用.结论:年龄＜60岁、有配偶、人均月收入高及农村的失独者社会支持水平较高,人均月收入高的失独者自我效能感较高.社会支持既可以直接预测失独者抑郁情绪,也可以通过自我效能感间接影响失独者抑郁情绪.社区工作人员在对失独者这一特殊人群进行心理护理时,可以从改变其认知,提升自我效能感方面着手.
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