Innovation has proved to be the most important engine to power economic development with the economy advanced to the high quality stage in our country. How does the government promote innovation has become a focus point of the academic research. Previous studies focused on the specific policies of the government. Little research on the relationship between institutional environment and regional innovation efficiency.To solve this problem, we constructed the regional institutional environment index and empirically tested the theoretical hypotheses adopting provincial panel data from 2010 to 2015. The conclusion shows that the institutional environment is negatively related to the efficiency of R&D. The public power concentration has a negative impact on regional innovation efficiency, and the concentration of the economic rights has no impact on it.These conclusions fill up the gap in the previous studies and offer valuable analysis about how the government can achieve high quality development through innovation driven strategy.%随着我国经济进入高质量发展阶段, 创新成为经济发展最重要的引擎, 政府如何改善政策环境以推动创新已经成为学术研究的热点问题.但遗憾的是, 已有研究大多数是针对政府某类具体政策的研究, 针对整体体制环境与区域创新之间关系的研究还非常缺乏.本文从理论与实证两个角度系统地研究了体制环境对区域创新效率的影响作用.笔者首先通过构建理论模型, 分析了体制环境对区域创新效率的重要作用, 并提出可供检验的研究假设;之后利用2010—2015年我国省级面板数据, 通过构造区域体制环境指数, 对理论假设进行了实证检验.研究表明, 中国现阶段体制环境指数越高, R&D投入的创新效率越低;其深层次的作用机制是, 公共权力集中对区域创新效率会产生负面影响, 而经济权利的集中对创新效率亦没有积极作用.本文的研究不仅填补了相关研究领域的空白, 而且对于政府如何通过深化体制改革, 实现创新驱动型经济的高质量发展也具有重要的参考价值.
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