目的：通过环磷酰胺腹腔注射及膀胱灌注2种不同方法制备膀胱过度活动（OAB）大鼠模型，比较2种方法的优缺点。方法随机将30只大鼠分为腹腔注射组、膀胱灌注组和对照组。腹腔注射组及膀胱灌注组分别每3 d腹腔注射或膀胱灌注环磷酰胺（75 mg/kg体质量）1次，共3次，对照组大鼠不予处理。检测3组大鼠最大膀胱容量、最大排尿压（MVP）和逼尿肌不稳定收缩频率，并比较2组大鼠膀胱病理学差异、患病率及死亡率。结果膀胱灌注组与腹腔注射组大鼠最大膀胱容量、最大排尿压及逼尿肌不稳定收缩频率均无统计学差异（P>0.05）。与对照组比较，膀胱灌注组及腹腔注射组最大膀胱容量明显上升（P<0.05），最大排尿压明显下降（P<0.05），逼尿肌不稳定收缩频率显著增高（P<0.05）。腹腔注射组建模成功率90%，死亡率80%，膀胱灌注组建模成功率50%，死亡率0%。腹腔注射组和膀胱灌注组大鼠膀胱均有病理改变。结论环磷酰胺腹腔注射及膀胱灌注均可致大鼠OAB，可以作为可靠模型，腹腔注射成功率高，但死亡率也高，膀胱灌注成功率低，但死亡率也低。%Objective To compare the advantages and disadvantages of two methods for rat overactive bladder(OAB)model construction in⁃duced by intraperitoneal injection and intravesical instillation cyclophosphamide. Methods A total of 30 female SD rats weighting 200⁃250 g were randomly categorized into three groups:intraperitoneal injection⁃induced OAB(Ip⁃OAB),intravesical instillation⁃induced group(Iv⁃OAB)and con⁃trol group. Ip⁃OAB rats was i.p. administrated cycbophosphe mide three times in dose of 75 mg/kg body weight,while Iv⁃OAB rats received intravesi⁃cal instillation three times in drug dose of 75 mg/kg body weight. Control group rats received no treatment. Maximum bladder capacity(MBC),maxi⁃mum voiding pressure(MVP),frequency of spontaneous contraction of each group were recorded. The incidence,the mortality and the pathology of the three groups were compared. Results MBC,MVP and frequency of spontaneous contraction between Ip⁃OAB group and Iv⁃OAB group had no statistically significant difference(P>0.05). Compared with the control group,MBC significantly increased(P<0.05),MVP significantly decreased (P<0.05),and frequency of spontaneous contraction significantly increased(P<0.05)in Ip⁃OAB and Iv⁃OAB rats. The modeling success rate and mortality were 100%and 80%in Ip⁃OAB group,and were 50%and 0%in Iv⁃OAB group,and pathological changes were found in the two groups. Conclusion The construction of experimental animal model of OAB in rat induced by intraperitoneal injection and intravesical instillation cyclo⁃phosphamide are both reliable methods. Ip⁃OAB rats exhibit high incidence and mortality rate,while Iv⁃OAB rats show low incidence and mortality rate.
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