Objective To explore the incidence, causes and prognosis of secondary thrombocytosis in children. Methods The blood platelet count (BPC) of 6167 cases in hospital were detected, and the patients whose BPC were more than 400 × 109/L should be double checked next day. The mean of BPC were analyzed combined with clinical data. Results BPC in 537 cases were more than 400 × 109/L.The incidence was 8.71％ and the ratio of male and female was 1.62: 1. Three hundred and fifty one children (65.4％) were younger than 3 years old. Among them, the BPC was higher in infants and younger children than in older children (P ＜ 0. 01 ). Infection was the main cause. Acute inflammation accounted for 74. 2％ in children younger than 6 years old, and 61.0％ in those older than 6 years old.The platelets count returned normal in 2 - 51 days with a mean of ( 15.0 ± 5.3 ) days. There were no hemorrhage, thrombopoiesis, and any other complications in heart and nervous system. Conclusion Secondary thrombocytosis was not very common, which was mainly related to infection and inflammation with favourable prognosis.%目的 探讨小儿继发性血小板增多症的发病情况、病因及预后.方法 对6167例住院患儿采用全自动血细胞计数仪检测血小板数量,对血小板计数≥400×109/者次日重检1次,取其均值,结合临床资料进行比较分析.结果血小板计数≥400×109/L者537例,占8.71%,男与女比例为1.62∶1.以婴幼儿为主,≤3岁351例,占65.4%.感染为主要病因,血小板计数在2～51 d内恢复正常,平均(15.0±5.3)d,病程中未发生出血、血栓形成及心脏、神经系统等并发症.结论 小儿继发性血小板增多症较为常见,主要与感染相关,预后好.
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