In response to the elastic vibration of the car body of a high-speed train affecting the safety of suspension components and ride comfort,a vertical dynamics model for high-speed train was established based on rigid-flexible coupled dynamics.The car body was considered as uniform quality and cross section Euler beam with free ends.The vibration characteristics and its transmission relationship under flexible effect was studied in frequency domain.The analytical results showed that,under the excitation of specific wavelengths,when the symmetrical mode response of the car body was zero,the antisymmetric mode response was maximum.When the antisymmetric mode response was zero,the symmetrical mode response was maximum.When natural frequencies equalled to excitation frequencies,the car body produced resonance.The resonance speed and resonance wavelength of the first-order vertical bending vibration had significant impact on train operation.The first-order vertical bending vibration acceleration transmissibility was maximum with the largest contribution to the car body vibration.The higher the speed,the higher the first-order bending frequency was required.The increase of the structural damping and primary vertical damping of the car body,adequate reduction of the secondary vertical damping can improve the vertical ride quality of the car body.%针对高速列车车体弹性振动影响悬挂部件的安全性及乘坐舒适性问题,建立考虑车体弹性的高速列车垂向刚柔耦合动力学模型,车体视为两端自由均质等截面欧拉-伯努利梁,在频域内研究弹性效应下的振动特性及其传递关系.分析结果表明,在特定轨道不平顺波长激励下,车体对称模态响应为零,而反对称模态响应最大;反对称模态响应为零,而对称模态响应最大.当车体固有频率与激励频率一致时,车体会产生共振.一阶垂弯共振速度与共振波长对列车运营有重要影响,一阶垂弯模态频率处车体相关频响函数加速度传递率最大,对车体振动贡献最大,速度越高,对一阶垂弯频率要求越高.提高车体结构阻尼和一系垂向阻尼、适当降低二系垂向阻尼可提高车体垂向运行平稳性.
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