In order to study the law s of building vibrations induced by moving trains ,the dynamic spatial analy-sis model of the train-track-subgrade-soil-building system was established ,in which the interaction between soil and building foundation was classified into three different modes ,namely ,the coordinated contact distortion , elastic contact distortion and nonlinear contact .The general dynamic response laws of soil and building vibra-tions induced by moving trains were studied corresponding to the above three contact modes .The results show as follows :Under the three different contact conditions ,the vibration level of buildings and soil mass induced by running freight trains remains always higher than running passenger trains ;that in the case of elastic contact and nonlinear contact between soil and building foundation ,vibration wave reflections are caused by buildings , so the vibration level of soil mass is higher than that in coordinated contact distortion ;energy is consumed with soil mass and buildings in nonlinear contact ,so building vibrations induced by running trains are smaller than those in coordinated contact distortion and elastic contact distortion .The model is of help to forecast of building and ground vibrations induced by moving trains .%为研究由运行列车引起的建筑物及地面振动规律，本文建立列车-轨道-路基-周围地层-建筑物系统空间动力分析模型。在模型中，地基土-建筑物基础相互作用分为协调接触变形、弹性接触变形和非线性接触3种状况。计算3种接触状况下，运行列车引起建筑物及地面振动的动力响应规律。计算结果表明：在运行列车作用下，3种不同接触状况，货车引起土体及建筑物的振动大于客车引起的振动；考虑弹性接触和非线性接触时，能反映建筑物对振动波的反射，土体的振动比协调变形接触时要大；考虑非线性接触时土体与建筑物会产生能量的消耗，列车引起的建筑物的振动小于弹性接触变形和协调接触变形条件下的振动。本文建立的模型对由运行列车引起的建筑物及地面振动预测提供一定的帮助。
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