植物油浸出溶剂成分复杂,相关标准质量指标宽松,不能满足当前特定的浸出要求.本文通过对已烷类浸出溶剂标准的演变历程分析,探索其制定发展趋势,为标准的后续制定提供借鉴.此外,在梳理分析国内外植物油浸出溶剂质量标准基础上,回顾并综述了己烷类浸出溶剂的标准内容,比较了各种己烷类物质的理化指标,发现各标准对植物油抽提溶剂的主要成分含量并未做出明确规定,如GB 16629-1996《6号抽提溶剂》、GB 17602-1998《工业己烷》、GB 16629-2008《植物油抽提溶剂》以及GB 1886.52-2015《植物油抽提溶剂(又名己烷类溶剂)》中并未对正己烷、甲基戊烷、甲基环戊烷等己烷异构体的含量做出限制规定.但是,各标准质量指标呈现出馏程逐渐变窄(由60 ～90℃演变为61 ～76℃),苯、硫等有害物质逐渐降低的趋势(苯质量分数限制由1％演变为0.06％,硫含量限制由12 mg/kg演变为0.5 mg/kg),这为新型浸出溶剂的开发提供参考.%The chemical composition of solvent for vegetable oils extraction was complicated,and the quality index of relevant standards was loose,which could not meet the specific extraction at present.This study analyzed the evolution and the development trend of hexanes extract solvent standards,which might provide references for following formulation of standards.Furthermore,based on combing and analyzing the quality of international vegetable oil extraction solvent standards,the standards of the extract solvent hexanes were reviewed,and a variety of physical and chemical indicators of hexanes were compared.It was found that there were no explicit content provisions of the main ingredient of extract solvent.Several standards,such as GB 16629-1996 No.6 Extraction Solvent,GB 17602-1998 Industrial Hexanes,GB 16629-2008 Extraction Solvent for Vegetable Oils and GB 1886.52-2015 Extraction Solvent for Vegetable Oils (Also Called Hexanes) did not limit the content of n-hexane,methylpentane and methylcyclopentane.And the quality index showed that the boiling range narrowed down(decreased from 60 ～ 90 ℃ to 61 ～ 76 ℃) and the content of benzene and sulfur decreased (decreased from 1％ to O.06％,and from 12 mg/kg to O.5 mg/kg,respectively),which provided a theoretical basis for the development of new solvents.
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