在北京市环境保护监测中心空气质量综合观测实验室,使用气溶胶单颗粒飞行时间质谱(SPAMS)对2013年1~12月空气颗粒物开展综合观测.实验结果表明,SPAMS打击率与测径颗粒数(siz)、大气相对湿度、颗粒物组分以及粒径有关.仪器状态正常时,打击率在siz数量小、大气相对湿度低时较高,与含K+、HSO4-、OCEC、NO3-的颗粒物以及粒径为0.2~0.3 μm、0.3~0.4 μm、0.4~0.5 μm的颗粒物数量呈正相关,与0.1~0.2 μm、0.5~0.6 μm、0.6~0.7 μm的颗粒物数量呈负相关,含NH4+、SiO3-颗粒物数量的关系与污染特征及其他环境有关.本研究通过分析打击率数值及打击率与各影响因素的关系判断仪器状态是否正常,这为提前发现常规方法难以发现的仪器故障提供了一种思路.%Online analysis of particle source based on single particle aerosol mass spec-trometry(SPAMS)was widely used in Beijing,Guangzhou,Shijiazhuang and many other cities in China,because its operation,maintenance and data processing was relatively simple.T he differences of different regions and pollution processes can be obtained by building sites all around and analyzing data through networking.And because the monitoring results of SPAMS with different time and place need to be com-pared,and SPAMS is a semi-quantitative detecting method for particulate,so it is espe-cially important to ensure the reliability of the SPAMS's data.Atmospheric monitoring was conducted in air quality integrated observation laboratory of Beijing Municipal Envi-ronmental Monitoring Center by SPAMS during January to December of 2013.The results showed that the hit-rate of SPAMS was related to amount of particles,relative humidity of atmosphere,particle components and particle size.When the instrument was in normal state,the hit-rate was high when the amount of particle was small and the atmospheric relative humidity was low.The hit-rate was positively related to the amount of particles which contained K +,HSO4-,OCEC,NO3- as well as particles with the size of 0.2-0.3 μm,0.3-0.4 μm,0.4-0.5 μm,and was inversely related to the amount of particles with the size of 0.1-0.2 μm,0.5-0.6 μm,0.6-0.7 μm.The rela-tionship between the hit-rate and amount of NH4+,SiO3- particles was related to the pollution characteristics and so on.The hit-rate was low and the relationship between the hit-rate and the impact factors changed when the instrument was in poor condition. This study provided a possible method for judging the status of the instrument,finding the instrument's failures in advance,and then improving the data quality by analyzing the hit-rate and the relationship between the hit-rate and the impact factors.Through the method,the fault parts of which the state parameters could not be displayed in the instrument control software could be found.These fault parts mainly refered to diame-ter measurement and ionization part,such as the deviation of laser light path,the change of spot size,the loss of the mirror and so on.Usually these components were tested only when the data were obviously abnormal while the state of other parts were normal.
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