目的：探讨在产妇自控硬膜外分娩镇痛基础上加用背景剂量方案并持续至第二产程结束的镇痛效果及其是否增加围产期风险。方法本研究是一项回顾性队列研究,选择北京大学第一医院2014年3月和2015年3月所有接受硬膜外分娩镇痛的初产妇503例,按照镇痛方案分成两组,有背景剂量组(P 组,n =245)和无背景剂量组(C 组,n =258)。收集产妇的基线资料,围产期资料和 NRS 疼痛评分,分析不同镇痛方案对围产期不良事件的影响。结果 P 组第二产程 NRS 疼痛评分[3(3~4)分 vs.5(4~5)分]明显低于 C 组(P <0.001)。P 组第二产程时间[50(29~82)min vs.38(24~62)min]明显长于 C 组(P =0.001),产时出血量[200(100~250)ml vs.150(100~200) ml]明显多于 C 组(P =0.003)。两组的最终分娩方式(P =0.656)和产后出血发生率(9.8% vs.10.9%,P =0.697)差异无统计学意义。结论相比于单纯自控镇痛,加用背景剂量的硬膜外分娩镇痛提供更好镇痛效果的同时不增加围产期风险,可安全应用于临床。%Objective To investigate the analgesic effect of epidural labor analgesia with contin-uous background infusion and its impact on obstetric outcome.Methods This was a retrospective co-hort study.In the two months of march 2014 and march 201 5,503 nulliparas women who had re-ceived epidural analgesia for labor were enrolled and assigned to two different study groups according to their analgesic protocol.Two hundred and fifty-eight nulliparas in group C received only patient-controlled analgesia while two hundred and forty-five nulliparas in group P received patient-controlled analgesia with continuous background infusion.The basic and perinatal data of all enrolled nulliparas women were collected and analyzed to compare the analgesic effect and the impact on obstetric risk of two different analgesic protocol.Results The NRS pain score during the second labor stage was lower in group P [3 (3-4)scores vs.5 (4-5)scores](P <0.001).The second stage prolonged [50 (29-82) min vs.38 (24-62)min](P =0.001)and intrapartum hemorrhage increased [200 (100-250)ml vs. 1 50 (100-200)ml](P =0.003)in group P.There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to the delivery mode (P =0.656)and the morbidity of postpartum hemorrhage (9.8% vs.10.9%,P =0.697).Analgesic protocol with background infusion was not associated with postpartum hemorrhage,instrumental delivery risk and cesarean risk.Conclusion Epidural labor an-algesia with continuous background infusion provided more effective analgesia in nulliparas,without additional obstetric risk.
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