Objective To study the Wnt/ β - catenin signaling pathway on Schwann cell proliferation and promotion of the growth of axons in cultured mouse and investigate the possible molecular mechanisms of signal neurite growth. Methods Purified Schwann cells were cultured and identified by S - 100 immunofluorescence method;using GSK - 3β inhibitor to affect Schwann cells,Schwann cells morphological changes were observed and the number were counted;rat dorsal root ganglion neurons and activated SCs cell were co - cultured,the expression of β - catenin in the neurons and activated Schwann cell were detected,and its features to promote axon growth were detected. Results GSK - 3β inhibitor can in-duce Schwann cell proliferation and morphological changes;the result of Western blot showed that GSK - 3β inhibitor allowed neurons increase-ment expression of β - catenin. Activated SCs cells and dorsal root ganglion neurons co - cultured SCs compared with the non - activated cells co- cultured neurons,the length of axons increased significantly( P < 0. 05). The difference was statistically significant. Conclusion The Wnt signaling pathway reactivation after in vitro Schwann cell proliferation and morphological changes occur,Wnt/ β - catenin pathway plays a important role in promoting the growth of Schwann cells;activated Schwann cells co - cultured with neurons can increase the axon growth and expression ofβ - catenin.%目的：研究 Wnt/β- catenin 信号通路在加入 GSK -3β抑制子后促雪旺细胞增殖过程中的作用，探讨雪旺细胞促进神经元轴突生长的可能的信号分子机制。方法体外培养纯化雪旺细胞，S -100免疫荧光鉴定；采用 GSK-3β抑制子作用雪旺细胞，观察雪旺细胞的形态学改变并计数；培养小鼠背根神经节神经元，与活化的 SCs 细胞共培养，用 Western blot 检测β- catenin 在与活化的雪旺细胞共培养的神经元内的表达情况，评价其促神经元轴突生长的功能特性。结果 GSK -3β抑制子可促使雪旺细胞发生形态学上的变化及增殖；Western blot 的结果表明 GSK -3β抑制子可使神经元内β- catenin 表达增加。活化的 SCs 细胞与背根神经节神经元共培养，与未活化的 SCs 细胞共培养的神经元相比，其神经元轴突长度显著增长，差异有统计学意义（ P <0.05）。结论 Wnt 信号通路活化后可使体外培养的雪旺细胞发生形态学变化及增殖，Wnt/β- catenin 通路在促进雪旺细胞的生长过程中发挥作用；活化的雪旺细胞与神经元共培养，使神经元轴突增长及β- catenin 表达增高。
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