目的 研讨3~6岁早产儿屈光状态及其影响因素.方法 横断面研究.对2014年9月至2016年3月于我院眼科就诊的3~6岁无早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)早产儿进行屈光检查,共170例(340只眼)纳入研究.按矫正胎龄进行分组:≥3岁且<4岁(84只眼),≥4岁且<5岁(114只眼),≥5岁且<6岁(142只眼).睫状肌麻痹后检影验光,采用相干光生物测量仪(IOL Master)测量眼轴和角膜曲率.采用Pearson相关分析法进行相关性分析;吸氧与屈光的关系采用两独立样本比较的秩和检验.结果 170例(340只眼)中,远视243只眼(71.5%),以远视多见.眼轴与出生体重、年龄相关;角膜曲率K1、K2与年龄相关;等效球镜与出生体重、年龄、眼轴长度相关,与胎龄无显著相关性.按有无吸氧史分组,平均等效球镜差异无统计学意义.结论 随年龄增长,3~6岁早产儿屈光状态有由远视向近视方向发展的趋势.眼轴是早产儿屈光的主要影响因素.%Objective To investigate the refractive status of premature infants aged from 3 to 6 years old. Methods This is a cross sectional study. We collected clinical data of 170 premature infants with no retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) who were provided ophthalmic care in our hospital between September 2014 and March 2016. Refraction were de-termined after cycloplegia was induced. Corneal curvature and axial length were measured with an optical coherence inter-ferometry. Results Most of preterm kids present hyperopia (71. 5%) at 3~6 years of age. The proportion of myopia grad-ually increased with age. Axial length was significantly correlated with both birth weight and age. Corneal curvature param-eters K1 and K2 were also correlated with age. Spherical equivalent degree in preterm children are associated with birth weight, age, and axial length but was not correlated with gestational age. Spherical equivalent degree showed no statistical difference between children have or have not history of oxygen inhalation. Conclusion Premature infants with no retinopa-thy of prematurity (ROP) showed a trend towards myopia at ages 3~6. Axial length is a major factor that is related to re-fraction state.
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