Objective To investigate the effect of catch-up growth on proliferation, differentiation and function of adipocytes in rats born with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Methods The IUGR rat model was established by food restriction of pregnant rats. Postnatal catch-up growth (IUGR-CG) was induced in IUGR rats by feeding dams with control diet and by culling IUGR litters to five pups instead of eight in the control group (AGA). At the 4th week, perirenal adipose tissue was extracted for culturing adipocytes and preadipocytes (n = 8). "Cocktail" was used to induce adipogenesis. The proliferation of preadipocytes was detected by crystal violet. Adiponectin was detected by enzyme link immunosorbent assay, and glucose transport was assessed by 2-Deoxy-[3H]-D-glucose uptake in adipocytes. The mRNA levels of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) , diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) , insulin receptor substrate (IRS) 1/2, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) were detected by real-time-PCR in all cells. Results The proliferation of preadipocytes had an increasing trend in IUGR-CG group (P < 0.05). The level of adiponectin in IUGR-CG group was increased (P < 0.05) , and glucose uptake rate was unchanged (P > 0.05). The mRNA levels of LPL and DGAT were lower in IUGR-CG group than in normal control group, whereas IRS1 and IRS2 mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in IUGR-CG group than in normal control group (P < 0.05). The expression level of PI3K mRNA in adipocytes and preadipocytes were unchanged between these two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions The IUGR rats with catch-up growth may enhance the proliferation of preadipocytes, but also influence the glucose and lipid metabolisms in mature adipocytes. These results indicated that IUGR alters the gene expressions in adipose tissue, and probably increases the susceptibility to insulin resistance when challenged with catch-up growth.%目的 分析注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童的行为特征及父母养育态度和行为特征,探讨其临床干预方式.方法 采用Conners父母问卷(PSQ)和父母养育方式评价量表(EMBU),对146例6-15岁ADHD儿童及父母进行问卷调查分析.结果 与常模对比,ADHD儿童在品行问题、学习问题、心身障碍、冲动-多动、焦虑和多动指数6个因子差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);ADHD家庭父亲在养育过程中的情感温暖、理解,惩罚、严厉,偏爱被试,拒绝、否认,过度保护5个因子差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);母亲在养育过程中情感温暖、理解,拒绝、否认,惩罚、严厉和偏爱被试4个因子差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 ADHD儿童的父母存在不恰当的养育态度和行为,提示对ADHD儿童应根据个体情况给予药物治疗、心理干预和父母不良教养方式纠正等临床综合治疗.
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