We designed a questionnaire on influencing factors of Chinese urban residents ’ community self-gov-ernance behavior according to the theory of planned behavior ,exploring the rational model and the relationship among various influencing factors of Chinese urban residents’ community self-governance behavior by explora-tory and confirmatory structural equation modeling analysis of the 1794 residents'data .The results show that the theory of planned behavior is revised ;seven-factor model is the most reasonable model ;the important fac-tors that can positively influence self-governance behavior are actual sense of control ,community social capital , personality tendencies ,attitude and cognition .%依据计划行为理论设计中国城市居民社区自治行为影响因素调查问卷，通过对1794名居民数据的探索性和验证性结构方程模型分析，探讨中国城市居民社区自治行为影响因素的合理模型以及各个因素对居民社区自治行为的影响关系和程度。结果表明：计划行为理论基础因子得到了修正；自治态度、自治实际控制感、自治行为、人格倾向、社区社会资本、自治认知、社会经济地位7因素模型为中国城市居民社区自治行为影响因素的合理模型；自治实际控制感、社区社会资本、人格倾向、自治态度、自治认知是正向影响中国城市居民社区自治行为的重要因素。
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