为探讨母猪妊娠期和哺乳期蛋白限饲对后代育肥猪肌纤维特性的影响,试验选用16头配种日期、系谱、体重、日龄等相近的纯种小梅山初产母猪(80 kg左右),采用单因子试验设计,根据在整个妊娠期和哺乳期饲喂不同蛋白水平(正常水平和限饲水平,限饲蛋白水平为正常蛋白水平的50%)的日粮,将16头母猪随机分为2组:限饲组和对照组,每组8头;母猪正常分娩后,分别选取同窝中接近于平均体重的公猪一头,共16头,仔猪断奶后饲喂正常蛋白水平的日粮至80 kg左右(育肥猪).比较2组后代育肥猪背最长肌的肌纤维类型、糖原含量、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性和琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)活性.结果表明:(1)限饲组后代育肥猪Ⅰ型肌纤维面积显著低于对照组(P<0.05),ⅡA和ⅡB型肌纤维面积低于对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);限饲组后代育肥猪Ⅰ型肌纤维比例显著降低(P<0.05),ⅡB型肌纤维比例显著升高(P<0.05),但ⅡA型肌纤维比例与对照组问的差异不显著(P>0.05).(2)限饲组后代育肥猪背最长肌中的糖原含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);LDH活性与对照组问的差异不显著(P>0.05);SDH活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05).可见,母猪妊娠期和哺乳期蛋白限饲能改变后代育肥猪肌纤维类型的分布,降低肌肉有氧氧化能力,并对肉质产生不利影响.%The experiment was designed to investigate the influence of maternal protein restriction in pregnancy and lactation, the period from pregnancy to weaning, on the property of muscle fibre of the finishing pig offspring. Single factor experiment design was adopted in this expefiment and 16 purebred little meishan sows with similar first mating date, genealogy, weight and age were chosen and divided into two groups randomly: Restriction group and control group, eight sows in each group. Sows in the restriction group were fed with 50％ of normal protein content, while those in control group were fed with normal protein content. After normal delivery of the sows, 16 boars of average weight were chosen and fed to 80 kg ( fnishing pigs) with a normal level of dietary protein after weaning. Four parameters were compared including the longest dorsal muscle fiber types, muscle glycogen content, lactate dehydrogenase activity and succinic dehydrngenase activity. The results were as follows. First, Ⅰ -type muscle fber area of limited feeding group was significantly decreased in the offspring after feed restriction, while Ⅱ A-type and Ⅱ B-type were decreased with insignificance; As the same way, Ⅰ -type and Ⅱ B-type muscle fiber ratioes of the restriction off. spring were significantly decreased and increased respectively, while the difference of proportion of Ⅱ A-type muscle fiber between the limit feeding group and the control group was not charged significantly. Second, the longissimus dorsi muscle glycogen of the restricted feeding group was increased than that of the control group with extremely significant difference. Third, the difference of lactate dehydrogenase activity between limited feeding group and control group was not significant. Fourth, the activity of succinate dehydrogenase of limited feeding group was significantly increased after restriction. It can be concluded that protein restriction in sow gestation and lactation could alter the distribution of muscle fiber types, reduce muscle oxidative capacity and damage the meat quality of the offspring pigs.
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