在农业现代化进程中，小农经济的“存”与“亡”成为学术界和有关部门争论的焦点。部分学者基于农业现代化与传统小农之间生产方式差异性的判断而形成小农经济消亡论。然而，执此类观点者忽视了农业现代化强势之下所引发的农业功能错位、农业经营主体不明、农业大规模经营失灵等问题，忽视了世界农业经济“小规模”经营回归趋势，由此形成对小农经济的认识误区。中国小农经济顽强的生命力需要得到进一步认识：因自给自足及低劳动力成本而形成国家粮食安全保障（生产性），因蕴含农业生态性而促成多元化农业发展（生态性），因体现生命价值与人性而成为农民生计底线（生活性），因维持着乡土社会稳定而成为乡村文化载体（文化性）。小农经济与农业现代化并非是不可调和的矛盾体，认识中国小农经济生命力所在是正确把握中国小农经济发展困境及化解路径的前提，也是走中国特色农业现代化道路的重要保障。%In the process of agricultural modernization,survival or death of the small-scale peasant economy become the focus of academia and relevant departments of the debate.Based on difference of production mode between agricultural modernization and the traditional small-scale peasant economy,some scholars hold that small-scale peasant economy will disappear.However,this view neglects agricultural modernization with the function dislocation,the unknown main body and the failure of agricultural large-scale management,ignores the trend of the world agricultural economy management regression,resulting misunderstanding of small-scale peasant economy.Tenacious vitality of the small-scale peasant economy in China needs to be further understood.Because of self-sufficiency and low labor cost it guanantees a national food security;because of containing various ecological systems it forms diversified agricultural development patterns.because of reflecting life value and human nature it becomes farmers livelihood,and holding the local social stability it is the rural cultural carrier.Small-scale peasant economy and agricultural modernization is not irreconcilable contradiction.Understanding correctly the vitality in small-scale peasant economy in China is the premise of resolving its difficulties,but also an important guarantee of forming agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics.
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