During getting the large-scale KDP（potassium dihydrogen phosphate,KH2PO4） crystals out from crystallizers cracking phenomenon occurs frequently,which usually results in large financial losses,to investigate mechanical effects of the cracks in large-scale KDP crystals and propose a reasonable method to prevent cracks,this paper simulates the process getting the large-scale KDP crystals out from crystallizers with the finite element method,the changes of stress field in the KDP crystals have been got.The results show the maximum stress in the KDP crystals increases more than 100 times during the cooling process,while the maximum stress increases very little after the mechanical boundary conditions changed,those data indicate that the decrease of temperature resulting in the stress concentration is the main reason for the crystals crack.The discovery of those conclusions provides important theoretical basis for proposing crack control measures of the large-scale KDP crystals.%大尺寸KDP（磷酸二氢钾,KH2PO4）晶体在出槽的过程中经常发生开裂现象,造成了较大的经济损失。为了研究大尺寸KDP晶体出槽过程中开裂机制并提出相应的防裂措施,采用有限元方法模拟了大尺寸KDP晶体的出槽过程,计算得到了KDP晶体出槽过程中晶体应力场的变化规律,结果显示降温冷却使晶体内部最大应力增大了100倍以上,而力学边界的变化使晶体最大应力增大的幅度较小,数据表明温度降低造成的应力集中是引起晶体开裂的主要原因。该结论的发现为提出相应的晶体防裂措施提供了重要的理论基础。
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