T he environmental risks in smelting process of lead are complicated and elusive ,w hichare usually ignored .Based onthe research resultsand practical experience of yearsof theresearch team ,this articleconduct-sa systematicstudyof the involved material ,generatingprocess ,mechanism and harm of environmental risks and the preventive measures .Aiming to diverse links of the process and various environmental risk sub-stances ,the article proposes scientific and practical risk prevention measures ,in order to solve effectively the environmental risks in smelting process of leadand ensure the safety of environment .%指出了铅冶炼过程中的环境风险具有复杂性、隐蔽性等特点，容易被人忽视，根据多年的研究成果和实践经验，对其涉及的环境风险性物质、环境风险产生的环节、环境风险产生的机理和危害、环境风险的防范措施进行了系统的研究，针对不同环节、不同环境风险物质，提出了科学实用的风险防范措施，以期能有效地解决铅冶炼的环境风险问题，确保环境安全。
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