China and the United States has built close relationship in aquatic products trade. By comparing and contrasting quality and safety of aquatic products, this article found out many problems:occasional drug residue detection, high rate of pest and pathogenic microorganism detection, imperfect laws and regulations of imported products, and the lack of close supervision. Through the analysis of the above problems, this article will provide suggestions in order to improve the quality and safety management system of our country’s import and export of aquatic products The suggestions include:to perfect our laws and regulations system, standard system of import and export aquatic products ,to insist on reform and innovation, and on transforming the mode of regulation, to implement enterprise's entity responsibility, to strengthen the exchanges and cooperation between China and the United States, and to strive to build a new pattern of work such as countermeasures of aquatic products of China and the United States.%中美互为水产品贸易大国。通过对中美水产品贸易和质量安全情况进行分析研究发现，随着两国水产品贸易的不断发展，也逐渐暴露出药物残留时有检出、有害生物和致病微生物检出较高、我国进口水产品法律法规标准体系不健全不完善，以及进口水产品检验监管方式需要调整完善等诸多问题。建议：做好顶层设计，健全完善我国进出口水产品法律法规体系、标准体系；坚持改革创新，转变监管方式；落实企业主体责任以及加强中美交流合作，着力构建中美水产品共治新格局。
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