王船山用中国哲学中的“顺乎天则”，“延天以祐人”的概念来表述人的受动性和能动性，并对此作了精辟的论述。王船山认为：“天”是标明物质及其规律客观性的天；“人”是整个物质世界的一部分；“顺乎天则”是讲人在实践活动中是受动的和受制约的；“延天以祐人”则是人一方面要尊重自然法则和社会发展的客观规律，另一方面又要充分发挥人的认识和实践的能动性。%Wang Chuan-shan used the concept of “following the natural law”and “the Heaven blesses people”in Chinese phi-losophy to describe people’s passivity and activity and gave an accurate description.Wang Chuan-shan thought that the “Heav-en”is identified the material and obj ective rules of the nature,and“people”is a part of the whole material world.The“follow-ing the natural law”is about people’s passivity and limitation in the activity of practice and“the Heaven blesses people”means, on the one hand,that people should respect the natural and obj ective law of the social development,and on the other hand, people’s activity of realization and practice should be displayed fully.
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