Rawls claims that social basic structure is the primary subject of justice.In order to achieve social justice,appropriate principles of justice must be found to regulate social institutions.Principles for indi-viduals are only to comply with and support just institutions.Institutional approach is criticized by G.A.Co-hen who believed that principles regulating social institutions should also be applied to individual conduct.Ac-cording to Cohen,institutions need not be attached any special importance in respect of promoting social jus-tice.However,Cohen’s objection cannot successfully undermine institutional approach.We can fully under-stand the relation between institution and social justice by analyzing and replying to this line of criticism.%罗尔斯主张社会基本结构是正义的首要主题。实现社会正义，需要寻求恰当的正义原则规范社会制度，而个人的正义责任仅仅在于服从和维护这种正义的制度。科恩对制度进路提出批评，认为规范社会制度的原则同时也适用于个人行为，就促进社会正义而言，制度并不占据特殊地位。然而，科恩的反驳并没有削弱制度进路的合理性。通过分析和回应这个批评，我们可以更加充分地理解制度、行为和社会正义之间的关系。
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