The Belt and Road Initiative is to create a new engine of economic cooperation in the new period of development. An important condition for the vision and implementation of the initiative is the culture among the countries along the Belt and Road. The historic district is an important part of the cultural heritage of Yining, and its deep cultural connotation is the premise of the international integration. This paper describes the situation of cultural relics kept in Ayindun historic district, and points out the problems, just like the fading of cultural scene, the destroying of urban fabric, the depression of cultural facilities and cultural industries, and low impact of civil protection force. This paper refers the concept of “culture conservation” home and aborad, and analyzes its effect in activation and protection of cultural heritage and stimulating initiatives of the public. Finally, combined with the Belt and Road Initiative, this paper proposes strategies in terms of culture inheritance, sustainable development and public participation.%“一带一路”战略是我国新时期打造合作共赢的经济发展新引擎，其构想和实施所依托的一个重要条件就是沿线国家千百年来文化交融的深厚基础。历史街区作为伊宁这“一带一路”沿线节点城市地方文化遗产中的的重要组成部分，其深厚的文化内涵也成为伊宁市迈向国际融入的前提。针对伊宁市阿依墩历史街区的文化遗存现状，指出其文化风貌消褪、城市肌理被破坏、文化事业和文化产业发展疲软以及民间文化保护力量影响较弱的问题；并借鉴国内外“文化保育”的相关理念，分析其在保护与活化文化遗产，激发公众主动性方面的优势，从文化传承与永续发展、公众参与三个方面提出与“一带一路”战略建设相匹配的文化保育策略。
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