[目的/意义] 机床制造业既是实现制造技术和工业现代化的基石,又是保证国防工业和高技术产业发展的战略支撑.《中国制造2025》指出要加快高档数控机床等前沿技术和装备研发,以提升可靠性和精度保持性为重点,开发高档数控系统等主要功能部件及关键应用软件,加快产业化,预计到2020年要突破"一系列"重大关键技术.因此,该研究旨在揭示"系列重大关键技术"的神秘黑箱.[方法/过程] 运用专利共类法分析了高端机床制造业核心技术的关联特征,以五轴联动数控机床为例,聚类出三个派系(子群):过程和机器控制类技术与机电换能器和小电器技术;研磨与抛光类技术;金属研磨﹑加工﹑电加工类技术和数字计算机类均是强关联技术;它们与工业电器设备类技术之间是弱关联关系.[结果/结论] 高端机床制造业的核心技术具有高度关联的"技术群"特征.该方法为企业系统攻克核心技术,切实推进中国企业独立自主地掌握高端机床制造领域核心技术起到一定的积极作用.%[Purpose/Significance] Machine tool manufacturing is not only the cornerstone of manufacturing technology and industrial modernization,but also the strategic support for the development of defense industry and high-tech industry."Made in China 2025"strategy pointed out strategies to speed up the high-level CNC machine tools,other cutting-edge technology and equipment research and develop-ment,enhance the reliability and accuracy,develop high-level CNC system with other main features and key application software,and then speed up industrialization.It is expected to break through "a series of" key technologies by 2020.In order to reveal the mysterious black box "series of major key technologies".[Method/Process] Based on the patent co-classification method,the paper analyzes the correla-tion characteristics of high-end machine tool manufacturing core technology,and takes five-axis linkage CNC machine tools as example to cluster the three factions(subgroups):process and machine control technique and electromechanical transducer and small electrical tech-nology; grinding and polishing technology; metal grinding,processing,electro processing technology and digital computer are all strongly related technologies; they are weakly correlated with industrial electrical equipment.[Results/Conclusions] The core technology of high-level machine tool manufacturing has highly correlated"technology group" characteristics.This method can overcome the core technology of enterprise system and effectively promote the independent control of the core technology of high-end machine tool manufacturing.
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