针对我国铁路货车空走行率高、敞车与平车代用现象较为严重的情况,设计了多用途货车.该车在NX17BK车底架的基础上,设计了两端凹形多节伸缩墙和两侧中部多节伸缩墙,墙体可由自动升降系统完成升降.当墙体完全升起时,车体同普通敞车；墙体全部降下时车体成为装运集装箱以及笨重大件货物的两用平车.车体设计完成后,运用Soildworks软件绘制车体的三维模型.最后,计算墙体在静载、动载、冲击三种列车工况下的载荷,通过Solidworks Simulation Professional将载荷植入该车的三维实体模型节点集合中进行有限元结构分析,完成了车体强度、刚度检验,绘制了不同工况下车体横向1/2子模型应力云图和位移云图.结果表明所设计的多用途货车在各种工况下的最大应力和位移均符合《TB/T1335-1996铁道车辆强度设计及试验鉴定规范》规定.%The multipurpose car is designed because of the high running rate of empty cars and the often substitution of gondolas and flatcars.On the basis of the NX17BK frame,the concave multi-section retractable wall at both ends and the middle multi-section retractable wall on both sides are designed,which can be lifted or dropt down completely by the auto-lifting system.When the walls are fully raised,it becomes a gondola,and folded down,it is a dual-purpose flatcar which can load containers and large heavy goods.Then,the three-dimensional model of the car is drawn by Soildworks software.At last,the static,dynamic and impact load of the vehicle's wall has been calculated and loaded to the node set of the three-dimensional model,then finite element analysis has been done by using the Solidworks Simulation Professional software,the strength and stiffness have been tested,and the stress and displacement cloud pictures of the car's transverse 1/2 son-model under different working conditions have been painted.The result shows that the maximum stress and displacement of multipurpose car in various working conditions conform to the "TB/T1335-1996 the appraisal regulation of railway vehicle strength design and test "
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