He Bingxian concludes that the b asic reason why China’s foreign trade didn’t develop well in modern times is the passive trade, which not only receded China’s foreign trade,but also restricted the development of China’s economy. It also induces the negative linkage between them. Passive trade not only because the tradition of heavy agricultural light trader, but the connection to the modern spirit that ignoring the trend. In allusion to the basic situation of the low level of foreign trade and the serious trade deficit, he advocates to expand export and optimize the structure of imports, and opposes the viewpoint of import restrictions at that time. He approves of neither the pure free trade nor the excessive tariff protection, but insists on the policy of taking moderate tariff protection, and thinks it accords with our basic national condition which could protect and promote industry, adjust the foreign trade and advocate home-made goods and improve public morals. He treats tariff policy as a means of developing foreign trade, and thinks the economic construction was the key in developing foreign trade. Meanwhile, he opposes the viewpoints of developing China’s economy merely by relying on agriculture or industry strongly, and suggests establishing the basic state policy of paying attention to both industry and agriculture.%何炳贤将近代中国外贸不振的根本原因归结为被动贸易，被动贸易既导致我国外贸总量弱小，亦制约我国经济发展，造成两者之间负向联动。被动贸易与重农轻商的传统积淀有关，更与昧于大势的近代精神相连。针对外贸水平低下且入超严重的基本态势，他力主扩大出口以及优化进口商品结构，反对时人的进口限制论。他不赞成外贸政策走向极端，或者纯粹自由贸易，或者过度关税保护，而是主张采取适当保护关税政策，认为此政策符合我国当时的基本国情，可以发挥保护和促进产业、调整对外贸易，以及提倡国货和改良社会习尚三大功能。他将关税政策视为发展外贸的一种手段，认为经济建设方为根本关键，坚决反对当时的以农立国论和以工立国论，主张确立工农并重的基本国策。
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