The rolling wear and damage characteristics of wheel and rail materials under different axle-loads were investigated using a WR-1 wheel/rail rolling wear testing apparatus.The results show that both of the wear rates of wheel and rail materials rise linearly with the increase of axle-load,and the wear rate of rail specimen is larger than wheel.The hardening rates of wheel and rail specimens firstly increase obviously and then keep stable along with the test time.With the increase of axle-load,the depth of plastic deformation layer and the hardness rate of wheel and rail specimens increase.The hardness rate of wheel is larger than rail.The surface damage morphology of wheel specimen is differ-ent from rail.For the surface damage morphology of wheel specimen consists of fatigue cracks perpen-dicular to rolling direction,however,the rail surface damage morphology is dominated by cracks and spalls.The surface damage of the wheel and rail specimens gets increasingly severe along with the in crease of axle-load.Debris,which comes from fatigue cracks fracture of wheel specimen and spalling of rail,is composed of Fe2 O3 and martensite.With the increase of axle-load,the size of debris increa-ses,the components and their content,however,have no obvious change.%利用 WR-1轮轨滚动磨损实验机研究不同轴重下轮轨材料滚动磨损与损伤性能。结果表明：轮轨试样磨损率均随轴重增加呈现线性增加趋势，且钢轨试样磨损率大于车轮试样磨损率。轮轨试样硬化率均随时间呈现先增加后趋于稳定的变化趋势，轮轨试样塑变层厚度和硬化率均随轴重增加而增大，且车轮试样硬化率大于钢轨。车轮试样和钢轨试样表面损伤形貌不同，车轮试样表面表现为垂直于滚动方向的疲劳裂纹，钢轨试样表面表现为裂纹和块状剥落，轮轨试样表面损伤均随轴重增加而更加严重；车轮试样表面裂纹疲劳断裂和钢轨试样表面块状剥落形成磨屑，成分主要为Fe2 O3和马氏体，随轴重增加，磨屑尺寸呈现增大趋势，但成分与含量无明显变化。
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