In order to analysis the contributions of graded layer thickness, constituent phase volume fraction and aspect ratio to the being of thermal stress, physical models of gradient composite were established. The thermal stresses of the models induced by .cooling to room temperature were simulated using finite element method, and the importance of the factors was mathematically estimated by orthogonal design method. The results show that, in the three factors, graded layer thickness has the most remarkable effect to thermal stress, and the influence of constituent phase volume fraction is obvious, but the effect of aspect ratio is not significant.%为了分析梯度层厚度、梯度层组成相体积分数及组成相长径比三种因素对热应力的影响,建立了梯度复合材料的物理模型,并采用有限元分析方法计算了该模型冷却至室温的热应力,同时使用正交设计对各因素的重要程度进行了数量估计.结果表明:三种因素中梯度层厚度对热应力的影响最为显著,次之为组成相体积分数,而长径比的影响较小.
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