This paper,by using document literature,provides some thinking for studying on the ancient tradi-tional sports culture of health preserving with the analysis of Buddhism,Taoism,and the behaviors in Dunhuang frescoes and statues for health preserving. Conclusion:the Dunhuang Buddhist health preserving consists of physi-cal illness,mental illness,diet,labor,and exercise;pays attention to Taoist doctrines,taking inhalation of air, expiration ﹠ inspiration,guidance,and art of controlling and swallowing breath from the mouth as the preserving measures,integrating massage and body movement,aiming at guarding body health;reflects that the ancients at-tach importance to health care,and integrate health preserving within their daily religious activities from the Dun-huang frescoes and statues.%采用文献资料等研究方法，阐述了敦煌古代养生文化中的佛教、道教，以及敦煌壁画、塑像中的养生健身行为，为研究古代传统体育养生文化提供思考。结论：敦煌佛教养生包括身体疾病病、心理疾病、饮食、劳作和运动等诸方面的养生内容；敦煌道教养生注重道教教义，以养气、吐纳、导引、胎息等方法为炼养手段，结合按摩与肢体运动，以保全身体康健及生命之体为宗旨；敦煌壁画、塑像中的卫生保健等养生行为反映了古人对卫生保健的重视，以及养生融入佛教生活的各个方面。
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