通过对国内外抗微生物作用的纳米材料研究进行综述,总结几种最常应用的抗微生物作用的纳米材料的应用范围、作用原理及优缺点,为纳米材料的选用提供参考.目前抗微生物作用的纳米材料主要有金属元素型纳米材料、金属氧化物型纳米材料、非金属无机化合物型纳米材料、有机化合物型纳米材料和天然纳米材料等;纳米材料的抗微生物机制主要有催化反应与接触反应学说两种;有些纳米材料按现有制作方法和使用方法,具有一定的生物毒性.因此,今后应重视如何降低纳米材料的生物毒性以及进一步开发应用天然纳米材料的研究.%Antimicrobial nanometer materials (AAM)from both home and abroad were studied and summarized for the selection and use of the nanometer materials to provide a certain reference basis. The applied bounds,effective principle as well as their advantages and disadvantages of several the commonest used of the AAM were summed up. It can be concluded that firstly,at present there are metallic element type nanometer materials,metallic oxides nanome-ter materials,non-metallic inorganic compounds nanometer materials,organic compounds nanometer materials and natural nanometer materials,etc;secondly,the antimicrobial mechanism of the nanometer materials mainly was two doctrines,catalytic reaction and contact reaction. Thirdly,some nanometer materials on the existing production process and the usage have a certain biological toxicity. Therefore,in the future how to reduce the biological toxicity of the nanometer materials and further develop and apply natural nanomaterials should be appreciated.
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