目的：分析医院2012年1月～2014年12月分离的产β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）大肠埃希菌临床分布与耐药性，为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供依据。方法住院患者中分离1587株大肠埃希菌进行回顾性分析，采用珠海迪尔公司微生物鉴定仪进行鉴定和药敏试验，用表型确证实验检测 ESBLs。结果1587株 大 肠 埃 希 菌 中 检 出 产 ESBLs 菌株为901株（56.8％），主要分布科室为泌尿外科、内分泌科、呼吸科；标本来源主要分布为尿液609株（47.3％），痰液411株（31.9％），血液83株（6.5％）；产 ESBLs 菌株大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南耐药率为0；对青霉素类、头孢菌素类的耐药性＞90.0％，对左旋氧氟沙星、环丙沙星耐药性＞70.0％；对阿莫西林／克拉维酸、替卡西林／克拉维酸、哌拉西林／他唑巴坦、阿米卡星耐药率较低＜7.7％。结论近3年医院临床分离的大肠埃希菌耐药性呈逐年增高趋势，产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）大肠埃希菌检出率逐年升高，表现为多耐药，因此，加强耐药性检测和监测，对指导合理使用抗菌药物非常重要。%Objective To analyze the β-lactamases-producing Escherichia coli which were isolated from hospital specimens from Jun 2012 to Dec 2014,and provide a more accurate evidence to guide drug-selecting for antibacterial use.Methods An-alyzed 1 587 E.coli from patient sample selected between Jun 2012~Dec 2014 using the microbial analysis system manufac-tured by ZHUHAI DL BIOTECH CO.LTD,A phenotypic test was also conducted to test ESBLs.Results 1 587 stains of E-.coli were isolated,which counted for 23.9% of the specimens;901 stains (56.8%)out of total 1 587 stains appeared to be ESBLs-producing E.coli,and others were non-ESBLs-producing E.coli.The 1 587 Escherichia coli mainly came from De-partment of Urology (408,weight 25.7%),Department of Endocrinology (271,weight 17.1%),Department of Respiration (249,weight 15.7%).Rine specimen contributed 609 stains (47.3%),411 E.coli stains (31.9%)were discovered in spu-tum samples,and 83 stains (6.5%)showed in blood samples.The resistance to imipenem were discovered in the analysis. The rates of resistance to penicillins,cephalosporins were over 90.0%,the rates of resistance to Levofloxacin,ciprofloxacin were above 70.0%,and resistance rates to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid,Ticarcillin-clavulanic acid,piperacillin/tazobactam, amikacin were lower than 7.7%.Conclusion The drug-resistance of the E.coli were increasing over the past three years. There was a significant portion of MDR and PDR present in the trend.Thus,the reinforcement of the drug-resistance survey and testing have a far-reaching meaning to promote rational drug selecting.
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