目的：比较阿扎司琼与昂丹司琼预防白血病患者化疗后恶心呕吐的疗效和不良反应。方法选择经MICM确诊的急性髓系白血病患者90例。按随机数字表法分为 A、B、C 3组，每组30例。A组化疗前给予盐酸阿扎司琼氯化钠注射液10 mg，B组化疗前给予昂丹司琼8 mg，C组给予胃复安10 mg作为对照组。比较3组患者的疗效及不良反应。结果 A、B 2组恶心、呕吐有效控制率明显高于C组（均P＜0．01），A、B 2组间比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）；B组不良反应发生率高于 A组（P＜0．05）。结论阿扎司琼与昂丹司琼均可有效减少白血病化疗后出现的恶心、呕吐胃肠道反应，但阿扎司琼的不良反应明显少于昂丹司琼。%Objective To compare the efficacy and adverse reactions of azasetron and ondanse-tron in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy for leukemia.Methods Ninety patients with acute myeloid leukemia confirmed by morphologic, immunologic,cytogenetic and molecular biologic classification were randomly given 10 mg azase-tron hydrochloride in sodium chloride injection(group A,n=30),8 mg ondansetron(group B,n=30)or 10 mg metoclopramide(group C,n=30)before chemotherapy.The efficacy and adverse re-actions were compared among the three groups.Results Compared with group C,the effective control rates of nausea and vomiting significantly increased in group A and group B(P<0.01), but there were no significantly differences between the two groups(P>0.05).Compared with group A,the incidence of adverse reactions significantly increased in group B(P<0.05).Conclu-sion Both azasetron and ondansetron effectively reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting in pa-tients undergoing chemotherapy for leukemia.But azasetron produces less adverse reactions than ondansetron.
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