设计和制备了一种新型的植物叶片仿生伪装材料,其由透明聚氯乙烯表层、叶绿素/聚乙烯醇薄膜、含水高阻隔袋和纸张四层组成.其中,透明聚氯乙烯表层提供防水性能,叶绿素封装于高隔氧材料聚乙烯醇中提高了其光稳定性,水封装于高隔水材料中降低了其蒸发散失速度,纸张提供了类植物叶片的疏松多孔结构.光谱测试结果表明,该仿生伪装材料在可见光、近红外和短波红外波段的反射光谱特征与植物叶片一致,相似度可达0.9983,室外日光照射三个月后仍能保持与植物叶片一致的反射光谱特征.该伪装材料与植物叶片光谱相似度高,耐候性好,有望可以有效对抗高光谱侦察.%A novel bionic camouflage material, which is constituted of transparent poly ( vinyl chloride) surface, chlorophyll/poly (vinyl alcohol) film, high-vapor-barrier water bag and paper, was designed and prepared by simulating plant leaves. The transparent poly (vinyl chloride) surface was used to provide waterproof capability of the camouflage material; the chlorophyll was concealed into the high-oxygen-barrier poly( vinyl alcohol) film to improve its photostability; the water was sealed into the bag of high-vapor-barrier poly( vinylidene chloride) to prevent its vaporization loss; and the paper was used to simulate the spongy mesophyll of plant leaf organs. The result of spectral tests showed that the reflectance spectra of camouflage material and plant leaves, whose similarity was 0. 9983, exhibited the same characteristics in visible, near infrared and short wave infrared wave bands, and the spectral characteristics of camouflage material did not change after three months' sunlight treatment. The bionic camouflage material, which displayed a high spectral similarity with plant leaves and a good weather resistance, is an effective method to take on reconnaissance of hyperspectral imaging hopefully.
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