Hepatitis B virus (HBV)infection is a global health problem with approximately 400 mil-lion carriers across the world.In China,nearly 1 20 million individuals are HBsAg positive.Over 50% of these carriers are infected vertically from their mothers,and vertically-acquired HBV infection is highly likely to be-come chronic.Previous studies have demonstrated that high viral load in pregnant woman is the most important risk factor of mother-to-infant transmission,which is also correlated with positive HBeAg.Administration of an-tiviral drugs during pregnancy can minimize the viral load before delivery remarkably reduce the risk of mother-to-infant transmission of HBV.After fully considering the advantages and disadvantages of antiviral agents to mother and fetus,antiviral therapy may be considered to the pregnant women during the late trimester.%HBV感染是一个全球性的健康问题，全世界约有4亿人口为HBV携带者，中国约有1.2亿人口的 HBsAg 呈阳性，超过50％的病例是通过母婴垂直传播而感染，经垂直传播感染 HBV 的患者病情极易慢性化。研究证实，孕妇血清高病毒载量是 HBV 母婴垂直传播最重要的危险因素，与HBeAg 阳性也有关联。妊娠期使用抗病毒药物使 HBV DNA 载量在分娩时达到最低，能明显降低 HBV母婴垂直传播几率。在权衡药物对孕妇及胎儿利弊的前提下，可考虑在妊娠晚期给予孕妇抗病毒治疗。
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