HBV infection is a worldwide health problem, and mother-to-child transmission is the main source of chronic HBV infection. Chronic vertical transmission may occur in 5%-15% of infants born to HBeAg-positive mothers even after immunoprophylaxis. Previous studies indicate that antiviral therapy with nucleos(t)ide analogues is safe and efficient, which may improve the interruption of vertical transmission and reduce the effect of HBV infection on pregnancy and delivery outcome. This review focuses on indications of antiviral therapy, drug choosing, time of initiating and ending of antiviral agents, medication monitoring, postpartum breast-feeding and newborn follow-up, in order to provide efficient methods for reducing mother-to-child transmission of HBV.%HBV感染是世界卫生问题,母婴传播是HBV慢性感染的主要途径.HBeAg阳性孕妇所生婴儿经正规免疫接种后,仍有5%~15%发生HBV感染.现有多项研究证实孕期给予核苷(酸)类似物抗病毒治疗的安全性及有效性,其可提高母婴传播阻断率,改善HBV感染对妊娠和分娩结局的不良影响.本文就HBV DNA高水平孕妇的抗病毒治疗指征、药物选择、服药开始与停止的时间、用药监测、产后哺乳及产后新生儿随访的相关问题进行综述,以期为降低HBV母婴传播提供新的方法.
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