Objective To evaluate the status of asthma control and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of asthma. Methods 77 patients with bronchial asthma in General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from October 2015 to October 2016 were selected as the subjects.A questionnaire was designed and a survey was conducted,questionnaire including the basic information of the patients,the level of disease control, asthma management and disease cognition. All subjects signed the consents before survey. Results Of all the patients, according to the 2016 GINA guidelines for assessing the control level of asthma patients, complete control of 9 cases (11.7%),partial control of 22 cases (28.6%),the control part was not controlled in 46 cases (59.7%). According to the asthma control test (ACT),the mean value of ACT was (16.9±4.8)points,complete control (25 points)in 1 cases (1.3%),good control (20 to 24)of 25 cases (32.5%),no control (less than 20)of 51 cases (66.2%). The GINA guidelines control evaluation and ACT score were highly consistent in the two evaluation results (Kappa=0.695). Of 77 cases, asthma patients with concomitant diseases accounted for 79.2%, The most common concomitant disease was allergic rhinitis(38/77,49.4%). Uncontrolled asthma with concomitant disease rate(41.6%,32/77)was significantly higher than the controlled asthma with concomitant disease rate(37.6%,29/77). Asthma self-management status: Of 77 patients,56 patients could correctly understand the nature of the asthma(72.7%)and 60 cases could correctly understand treatment targets(77.9%) while 30 patients used folk prescription to treat asthma(42.9%). Conclusion Asthma control level is low and the control status is not ideal in 77 asthma cases. Although disease management and cognitive level are still available,it is necessary to strengthen the health education of asthma and to improve the level of disease management.%目的 旨在评估哮喘疾病管理状况,为哮喘的防控提供依据.方法 收集2015年10月至2016年10月在宁夏医科大学总医院门诊就诊的77例支气管哮喘患者为研究对象,获得知情同意后,采用自行设计调查问卷对患者进行问卷调查,问卷内容包括患者的基本信息、疾病控制水平、哮喘管理以及疾病认知程度等.对所获得的信息进行整理及统计学分析.结果 哮喘控制水平调查:根据2016版GINA指南评估哮喘患者的控制水平,77例支气管哮喘患者中,完全控制9例(11.7%),部分控制22例(28.6%),未控制46例(59.7%);根据哮喘控制测试(ACT)评估患者控制情况,77例支气管哮喘中,完全控制1例(1.3%),良好控制25例(32.5%),未控制51例(66.2%),ACT评分均值为(16.9±4.8)分.GINA指南控制评估与ACT评分两种评估结果中、高度一致(Kappa值为0.695).哮喘伴随疾病调查:77例哮喘患者中有伴随疾病者占79.2%,最常见的伴随疾病是过敏性鼻炎(38/77,49.4%),哮喘未控制组合并伴随疾病率占41.6%(32/77)高于哮喘控制组合并伴随疾病率37.7%(29/77),两组间差别有统计学意义(P=0.011).哮喘患者自我管理状况:77例哮喘患者中可以正确认识哮喘本质及治疗目标者分别为56例(72.7%)和60例(77.9%),曾使用偏方治疗哮喘患者33例(42.9%).结论 本组哮喘患者哮喘控制水平偏低,控制状况不理想.虽疾病管理和认知水平尚可,但仍需加强哮喘宣教,提高疾病管理水平.
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