为了研究退耕还林对土壤纤毛虫群落特征的影响并对退耕还林后土壤恢复效果进行客观评价.采用非淹没培养皿法、活体观察法和培养直接计数法对甘肃省庆阳市庆城县退耕还林10年后的多树种混交林和单一树种经济林2种模式林地的纤毛虫群落进行调查分析.研究共发现纤毛虫70种,隶属10纲21目30科42属;退耕还林样地的物种分布和农田之间存在明显差异;农田退耕后纤毛虫种类数、密度和物种多样性均呈现增长趋势且以多树种混交林的物种多样性最高;纤毛虫优势类群由农田的篮环目(Cyrtolophosidida)演替为退耕后的尾柱虫目(Urostylida).冗余分析显示,在生态恢复条件下土壤含水量、土壤容重、有机质和总氮含量是影响土壤纤毛虫群落复杂程度的关键因子,表明土壤纤毛虫群落结构可以作为响应退耕还林生态效应的重要标志.%This paper makes a study on soil ciliate communities structure in Qingcheng County of Gansu Province after ten years of converting cultivated lands into forestland by the method of non-flooded Petri dish,observation in vivo and directing-culture counting,aims to provide references for the evaluation of ecological restoration after conversion of cropland to forest.Two converted forestlands are mixed multiple-species forest and monoculture economic forest.It is found that there is a total of 70 species belonging to 10 classes,21 orders,30 families and 42 genera.There is a significant difference in distribution of soil ciliate species among the soils collected from restoration plots and cropland plots.The species number,density and diversity index of soil ciliate species in soil samples collected from restoration plots are all higher than that in control soil samples,and the species diversity index is highest in mixed multiple-species forest.The dominant group Cyrtolophosidida in cropland soils is substituted by Urostylida in restoration soils.Redundancy analysis show that under the condition of ecological restoration,soil water content,soil bulk density,organic matter and total nitrogen content are the main factors influencing the soil ciliate communities composition.And the variation of soil ciliate communities is respond to the soil environmental conditions during the conversion from cropland to forestland.
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