Objective To evaluate the effect of MI (motivational interviewing) for early prevention of childhood caries. Methods We carried out a systematic search of databases including PubMed, SCI, Embase, CINAH, Chinese Biomedicine Database, China CNKI database, CQVIP and Wanfang database to collect parallel group randomized controlled trials with MI to prevent early childhood caries. Systematic review was performed and the data were extracted. Results Thirty-one articles about MI were included but only 3 were found to meet the inclusion criteria. Compared with control group, MI group had lower incidence of new caries, less plaque index, more enthusiasm to participate in preventing early childhood caries and better oral health habits. Conclusion MI is positive for preventing early childhood caries, and can be applied clinically. Meanwhile, more high-quality large-scale RCTs with the same clinical evaluation are required to provide more reliable evidence.%目的：系统评价动机性访谈预防低龄儿童龋病的作用。方法计算机检索2000年1月—2014年12月PubMed、SCI、Embase、CINAHL、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库、万方数据库中，运用动机性访谈预防低龄儿童龋病的随机对照研究，对符合纳入标准的研究进行数据提取和系统评价。结果共检索到31篇相关文献，符合纳入标准3篇。动机性访谈试验组较对照组，新龋发生率降低、菌斑指数减小、父母参与预防低龄儿童龋病积极性较高、儿童的口腔保健习惯较好养成。结论动机性访谈对于预防低龄儿童龋有着积极作用。同时，期待大样本、多中心、评价指标一致的随机对照试验，来进一步通过Meta分析论证动机性访谈在预防低龄儿童龋病中的作用。
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