Objective:The paper was aimed to observe and analyze the prevalence of abnormalities of maxillary sinus with missing molar by CBCT. Methods: A total of 202 CBCT imagines including 404 maxillary sinus with missing maxillary molars were included from January 2014 to March 2015. Two researchers were arranged to analyzed the radiographic findings which categorized as 3 items: ①normal sinus; ②maxillary sinusitis; ③sinus cyst. The data were analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software package. Results: Among the 404 maxillary sinus in CBCT radiographs, 92 was diagnosed as normal sinus (22.77%), maxillary sinusitis was found in 118 sinuses (29.20%), and sinus cyst was found in 101 sinuses (25.00%). Conclusion: The most common findings of maxillary sinus in this survey was maxillary sinusitis, following by sinus cysts and sinus septa. No significant differentes were found among normal sinus, maxillary sinusitis, sinus cyst, and 4 categories maxillary sinus diasters.%目的：观察上颌磨牙缺失患者上颌窦生理及病理CBCT影像学表现，并分析各类异常的发生率，为种植术前评估提供参考。方法：选择复旦大学附属中山医院口腔科及静安区牙病防治所，2014-01-01—2015-05-01期间，收治的上颌磨牙缺失患者CBCT影像学资料202例，共404侧上颌窦。由2名研究人员对资料进行研究分析，观察项目分为3类：正常上颌窦、上颌窦炎、上颌窦囊肿。测量3种类型病例缺牙区窦嵴距、上颌窦的宽度、外侧骨壁厚度、外侧骨壁血管位置与直径，采用SPSS17.0软件进行统计分析。结果：404侧上颌窦中，正常上颌窦185侧（45.80%）；上颌窦炎118侧（29.20%）；上颌窦囊肿101侧（25.00%）。结论：上颌窦异常影像诊断发生率最高者为上颌窦炎，其次为上颌窦囊肿；不同上颌窦影像诊断类型间窦嵴距、上颌窦的宽度、外侧骨壁厚度、外侧骨壁血管位置与直径差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
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