目的：了解不同喂养方式及非营养性吮吸习惯对潍坊市儿童牙(牙合)发育的影响。方法：调查958名潍坊市3～5岁幼儿的牙(牙合)状况，追踪调查其出生12个月内喂养方式及是否有不良吮吸习惯。运用统计软件进行统计学分析。结果：有非营养性吮吸习惯的儿童和无习惯者错(牙合)畸形发生率分别为42％和22％（OR ＝1．86，CI ＝1．04－3．36，P ＝0．0002）；喂养方式对错(牙合)畸形影响差异无显著性（OR ＝1．28，CI ＝0．99－1．66，P ＝0．0567）；喂养方式对开(牙合)影响差异无显著性（OR ＝0．93，CI＝0．65－1．33，P ＝0．678）；有吮吸习惯儿童和无习惯者开(牙合)的发生率分别为17％和4％（OR ＝4．61，CI ＝2．69－7．92，P ＜0．0001）；奶瓶喂养和母乳喂养者后牙反(牙合)的发生率分别为11％和4％（OR ＝2．54，CI ＝1．66－4．03，P ＝0．0002）；有吮吸习惯者和无习惯者后牙反(牙合)发生率分别为9％和4％（OR ＝1．86，CI ＝1．04－3．36，P ＝0．0367）。结论：出生12月内非营养性吮吸习惯而非喂养方式是错(牙合)畸形发生的危险因素，母乳喂养是牙(牙合)发育的保护性因素。%Objective:To assess the impacts of feeding type and non-nutritive sucking activity on occlusion in deciduous dentition in WeiFang city.Methods:The occlusion of 958 children aged 3 -5 years old in WeiFang city and their feeding types as well as the non-nutritive sucking habit during the first 1 2 months after birth were investigated by questionaire study.Data were statistically ana-lysed.Results:The prevalence of malocclusion in non-nutritive sucking habit group and non-habit group was 42% and 22% respec-tively(P =0.000 2).The type of feeding did not have effect on occlusion and openbite.The prevalence of openbite in the children with sucking habit and in those without habit was 17% and 4% respectively(P <0.000 1 ).The prevalence of posterior crossbite in the chil-dren with bottlefeeding and those with breastfeeding was 1 1 % and 4% respectively(P =0.000 2).The prevalence of posterior crossbite in the children with sucking habit and those without habit was 9% and 4% respectively(P =0.036 7).Conclusion:Non-nutritive sucking habit rather than feeding type in the first 1 2 months after birth is the main risk factor of malocclusion,breastfeeding is the pro-tective factor to occlusion.
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