水土保持技术对生态脆弱区水土流失治理以及生态文明建设有着重要作用,通过向相关专家咨询并查阅文献,结合对70余年来纸坊沟流域水土流失治理过程的分析,梳理所采用的水土保持技术,明确其所产生的生态经济社会背景.结果表明:水土保持技术包括水土保持工程技术、水土保持耕作技术和水土保持生物技术;在不同的农业生态经济系统发展阶段,因人们的需求及所要解决的核心问题不一致,其水土保持技术种类也有所差异.纸坊沟流域农业生态经济系统耦合过程经历了三个阶段,其中第Ⅰ、Ⅱ阶段,主要以水土保持耕作技术为主,满足农民基本生活需求;第Ⅲ阶段综合采用水土保持工程技术、水土保持耕作技术和水土保持生物技术,从根本上解决生态环境问题,调整产业结构.为了加快区域生态文明建设和生态经济社会可持续发展,应更加注重于改善林分结构、提高林草质量、增加生物多样性、提升生态系统功能、促进水土保持生态资源后续产业发展、形成水土保持与农业产业-资源优化耦合等方面的水土保持技术的研发与实施.%Soil and water conservation technology plays an important role in soil and water loss control and the construction of the ecological civilization in vulnerable areas.Here,soil and water conservation technology use over 70 years for the Zhifanggou watershed is summarized and ecological,economic and social backgrounds are determined through consultation with experts and reference to published literature.We found that soil and water conservation technology use includes soil and water conservation engineering technology,soil and water conservation cultivation technology and soil and water conservation biotechnology.Soil and water conservation technology utilization varied with people's demands and core problems at different developmental stages of the agricultural eco-economic system.The coupling process of the agricultural eco-economic system at Zhifanggou went through three stages.In stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ,soil and water conservation cultivation technology was applied to meet farmers' basic life demands.In stage Ⅲ,all three technologies were applied comprehensively to solve eco-environmental problems and adjust industrial structure.To facilitate regional ecological civilization construction and sustainable development of the ecological economy and society,more emphasis should be given to research and development,implementation of soil and water conservation technology,stand structure improvement,forest grass quality enhancement,biodiversity,ecosystem functional improvement,development of soil and water conservation ecological resources,the coupling of soil and water conservation,and agricultural industry-resource optimization.
展开▼
