讨论的是光的衍射中的单缝Fraunhofer(夫琅禾费)衍射.通常在Fraunhofer衍射中改变孔的形状,衍射光斑形状会发生明显的变化.因此,讨论分析不同形状单孔Fraunhofer衍射的文章较多.用基尔霍夫衍射理论,推导出矩形孔和圆孔构成的不同形状双孔Fraunhofer衍射在屏幕上的相对衍射强度的分布公式.并利用mathematica软件模拟了矩形孔和圆孔构成的不同形状双孔Fraunhofer衍射图样和强度分布,从而找出了矩形孔和圆孔的相对位置变化、矩形孔大小变化、圆孔大小变化与Fraunhofer衍射图样之间的内在规律.%This article discusses specifically single slit Fraunhofer diffraction in light diffraction. Generally, in Fraunhofer diffraction, with the changing of the hole' s shape, the diffraction facula will change radically. Thus, there are many articles discuss Fraunhofer diffraction based on different shape of the hole, whereas, in this article, using the Kirchoff diffraction theory, the relative diffraction intensity formulas of Fraunhofer diffraction through two different shaped holes ( rectangular and circular) have been derived, and it simulated the pattern and the intensity distribution using Mathematica. Throughout the simulation, it summarized the inherent law between the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern, the relative position change of two holes, and the size change of the two holes.
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