高架轨道交通的运行噪声影响沿线居民的正常工作和休息，建立一套适用于高架轨道交通噪声辐射的模型，有助于在建造轨道交通线之前合理的预估由于轨道交通造成的噪声辐射影响及传播特性，从而帮助改进设计方案。建立列车辐射噪声模型的首要任务是获得列车的噪声辐射特性。为达成此目的，采用波束形成方法重建列车外侧面的波束输出能量分布图，并利用参考传声器将波束输出能量修正为声压级，获得定量的声压级分布结果。运动声源波束形成方法结合能量修正方法，可以定量的获得列车辐射噪声声压级分布结果，得到比传统波束形成方法精确的结果。该方法用于重建某高架线轨道交通列车的噪声声级分布，结果与实际声场接近。试验分析表明方法可以用于高架轨道噪声辐射模型的定量分析。%The noise radiated by running trains on viaducts seriously influences people living or working along rail-lines.Optimizing the rail-line layout based on a train noise model alleviates the bad influence in advance.The characteristics of running train noise are obtained ahead for building the train noise model.Here,beam-forming combined with sound pressure level modification was presented for quantitively determining the distribution of sound pressure level on a train profile.The reference microphones were set in the reconstructing plane to modify the sound pressure level with the presented method.Subsequently,the characteristics of a running train noise were obtained quantitively.The method was applied to reconstruct the sound field induced by a running train on viaducts.The results agreed well with those of the real sound field.The method was verified with tests to be suitable for analyzing the train noise quantitively.
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