为提高设计稳健性，将6σ稳健优化设计引入车身噪声传递函数优化过程。将6σ质量管理、可靠性设计稳健设计相结合，考虑设计变量、约束条件目标函数在内所有不确定性信息，不仅满足优化目标函数、提高系统可靠性要求，使系统响应均方差最小化，即提高稳健性。以某型汽车为例，在汽车声固耦合有限元模型基础上采用基于试验设计的二阶多项式响应面模型，以车身总质量一阶模态频率为约束条件驾驶员耳旁声压级响应均方根值为目标函数，在基本随机变量概率特性已知情况下对车身噪声传递函数进行6σ稳健优化设计，与传统确定性优化设计相比表明该方法的有效性。%In order to improve the design robustness of the vehicle’s NVH performance,a six sigma robust optimization method was introduced in the optimization design of noise transfer functions.In the method,the influences of various uncertain factors which result from objective functions,design variables and constraint conditions were considered by integrating the six sigma quality management approach,reliability design approach and robust design approach in the optimization design process.Not only the proper optimal solution and reliability of the system were achieved but also the robustness of production design process was improved.Based on the acoustic-structure coupled finite element model and the quadratic response surface approximate model,the proposed method was implemented to optimize the noise transfer function of a car body.In this numerical example,the probabilistic characteristics of the design variables were assumed to be known,the total mass and the first natural frequency of the car body were considered as constraints,and the root mean square value of SPL measured near the driver’s ear was defined as the objective function.The result verifies the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.
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