滚珠与返向器的撞击不仅是滚珠丝杠副产生低频噪声的主要原因,也是影响滚珠丝杠副寿命的主要因素.为了减少滚珠冲击对滚珠丝杠副性能的有害影响,文章首先建立了滚珠与返向器的碰撞接触模型,提出了滚珠在返向器内循环流畅性的评价指标,并提出了一种双圆弧滚道型线和优化设计方法.利用多体动力学仿真软件ADAMS对滚珠运行状态进行了仿真,仿真结果表明优化后的返向器滚道使得滚珠与返向器之间的碰撞接触力显著低,同时使得滚珠在返向器中循环流畅性更好.将双圆弧滚道型线和优化方法应用于滚珠丝杠副的滚珠返向器滚道型线的设计,具有实际工程意义.%The contact-impacts between balls and a ball-returner in running process causes noise of a ball screw mechanism, and it leads to decrease in the service life of the ball screw mechanism. In order to solve this problem, the contact-impact dynamic model between ball and a returner was proposed, and a new evaluation index for recirculation fluency of ball-chain in a ball returner was introduced. Based on the analysis, a new double-arc passage profile of ball was presented, and the optimal geometric parameters were obtained based on genetic algorithm. The results proved that the optimal solution can not only decrease the contact-impact force between balls and a returner but also make the recirculation of ball-chain smoother. The double-arc passage profile of a ball returner and the optimal method could be applied to design of other types of ball returner.
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