Objective To study the nerve growth factor (NGF) induced pathological changes in lungs of rats with asthma and lung tissues after antagonistic changes in the pathogenesis to provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of asthma. Methods Totally 48 SD rats were randomly divided into control group, asthma group and the anti-NGF intervention group, every group having 16 rats. The airway pathological change as thickness of airway smooth musle (ASM) was measured by HE staining; and the expression of NGF was detected by immunohisto-chemical staining, lung tissues were observed under light microscope for measurements of bronchial submucosal basement membrane thickness and the number of fibroblasts was counted. Results Asthma group and control group comparison: NGF expression in the lung tissaes was significantly increased (P<0.01); NGF expression and thickness of respiratory smooth muscle showed a significant correlation. Asthmatic airway smooth muscle thickness, reticular basement membrane thickness, the number of submucosal fibroblasts and the expression of NGF and anti-NGF were higher in the intervention group (P<0.05); anti-NGF antibody in the intervention group significantly alleviated these changes (P<0.05). Conclusion NGF expression in the bronchial asthma airway tissues significantly increased and is related to the pathogenesis of asthma and airway inflammation. The expression of NGF is also related to the thickness of airway smooth muscles. The intervention of anti-NGF can inhibit airway inflammation.%目的 探讨神经生长因子(nerve growth factor,NGF)致哮喘大鼠肺内病理改变及被拮抗后肺内表达的变化,为哮喘的发病机制和治疗提供理论依据.方法 随机将48只SD大鼠分为:正常对照组、哮喘组和抗NGF干预组,每组均16只.取肺组织在光镜下测量支气管基底膜厚度并计数黏膜下成纤维细胞的数目,HE染色观察气道病理改变并测量呼吸道平滑肌厚度；用免疫组化法检测肺组织NGF的表达.结果 哮喘组肺组织NGF表达较对照组明显增强(P＜0.01)；NGF的表达与呼吸道平滑肌厚度有明显相关性；哮喘组呼吸道平滑肌厚度、网状基底膜厚度、黏膜下成纤维细胞数目及NGF的表达均高于对照组和抗NGF干预组(P＜0.05)；抗NGF干预组显著缓解上述变化(P＜0.05).结论 支气管哮喘大鼠气道组织中NGF表达显著增加,并与呼吸道平滑肌厚度等有关,同时与支气管哮喘的气道炎症有明显相关,予抗NGF干预后可以抑制气道炎症.
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