By comparative study,the paper studies the difference and similarities of filial piety thought in both books ″Book of Filial Piety″ and ″The Analects″,coupled with the significance of filial piety thought on the development of our modern society. Results show that filial piety thoughts in both books are both similar and different. In the aspect of similarity,both books present the idea that filial piety is the fundamental of all moralities. When parents are alive,children should take care of them,respect and love them,and treat them po-litely;when parents died,children should offer them good burial service,give them sacred ceremony,carefully attend to the funeral rites of parents and follow them when gone with due sacrifices;children should combine looking after parents with serving the country. In the aspect of differences,″Book of Filial Piety″ is the expan-sion and the surpass of filial piety in ″Analects″.%采取比较的方法，对《孝经》和《论语》孝道思想的异同及孝道思想对现代社会发展的意义进行了研究。研究结果发现，两种孝道思想既有相通之处，又有差别。相通之处表现为：二者都认为孝是一切道德的根本；都认为父母在世时，子女要赡养、敬爱、事之以礼；父母去世后，子女要安葬、祭祀，慎终追远；都将“事亲”与“事君”联系起来。两者的不同之处，则表现为《孝经》对《论语》孝道思想的扩大和超越。
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