Emphasis on the relationship between government and market in the 3rd Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the CPC, is the lamp for the development of China’ s Cultural Industry. This paper points out that the role of government mainly aims at the Market Failure in the condition of market economy. Based on the comparison between U. S. A and France, this paper affirms that there is Market Failure in the field of Cul-tural Industry for the sake of Cultural Production’s characteristic. Foreign experiences give us the following inspiration: first of all ,developing the Cultural Industry is an inexorable trend;secondly, selecting the role of government in the developing of Cultural Industry needs to consider the con-strained conditions; thirdly, managing the Cultural Industry should be cautious of Government Failure and excessive ideology-related.%党的十八届三中全会对于政府与市场关系命题的强调，为我国文化产业的未来发展指明了方向。文章指出，市场经济条件下，政府角色主要指向“市场失灵”问题。基于美、法等国的比较视野，文章认为，文化产品的特殊性质决定了文化产业发展中同样存在“市场失灵”。国外经验可以给中国带来以下几方面启示：一是发展文化产业是趋势潮流；二是文化产业中的政府角色选择要充分考虑现实的约束条件；三是文化产业管理要谨防“政府失灵”和“泛意识形态化”。
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