In order to simulate accurate change of free surface of keyhole and the corresponding temperature distribution in laser deep penetration welding, heat source model conformed to laser penetration welding physical process was inferred using ray tracing method. Using the heat source model, a three-phase unified control equation of vapor phase, liquid phase and solid phase was established during laser deep penetration welding. The dynamic change process and its corresponding temperature distribution of keyhole can be calculated by tracing free surface of keyhole using the volume of fluid method. A conclusion is drawn that the computational results agree well with experimental results.%为了研究激光深溶焊接过程中匙孔内自由肇面的变化及相应的温度分布,采用光束跟踪法,推导出了符合激光深熔焊接物理过程的热源模型.在建立的气、液、固3相统一的控制方程中使用该热源模型,通过流体容积法追踪匙孔自由液面,得出了匙孔的动态变化过程及相应的温度分布.结果表明,采用光束跟踪法热源模型计算出的熔池轮廓与激光熔焊接实验相符合.
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